In 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) plans to launch the Gaganyaan mission, which will include an uncrewed robot named Vyomitra. This robot is called a half-humanoid because it looks and moves somewhat like a human. Vyomitra is designed to help with various tasks in space, making the mission safer and more efficient.

What Are Humanoids?

Humanoids, or half-humanoids like Vyomitra, are robots that have some human-like features. They might have arms, a face, and a neck that can move. These robots are mainly used to perform tasks that are either repetitive or too dangerous for astronauts. By using humanoids, astronauts can focus on more critical scientific work without risking their safety.

Why Is ISRO Sending Vyomitra?

ISRO is sending Vyomitra as part of the Gaganyaan mission to test its abilities as a technology prototype. During the mission, Vyomitra will operate the spacecraft’s controls, monitor the systems inside, and communicate with mission control on Earth. The data collected from Vyomitra’s activities will help ISRO understand how space travel affects humans, providing valuable insights for future missions.

How Is Vyomitra’s Skull Designed?

Vyomitra’s skull is crafted from a special lightweight aluminum alloy called AlSi10Mg. This material is strong, flexible, and can handle extreme heat and stress during a rocket launch. The skull is about 200mm x 200mm in size and weighs only 800 grams, specifically designed to endure the intense vibrations experienced during liftoff.

How Was Vyomitra’s Skull Made?

The skull was created using Additive Manufacturing (AM), a process similar to 3D printing. This method allows for the creation of complex designs that are lightweight yet strong. In space missions, reducing the weight of equipment is crucial because heavier loads require more fuel and larger rockets. By using lightweight materials like AlSi10Mg, ISRO can make the mission more efficient and cost-effective.

About ISRO

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was established in 1969. It launched its first satellite, Aryabhata, in 1975. ISRO is known for developing the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), which has successfully launched over 300 foreign satellites. In 2014, ISRO’s Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) made India the first Asian country to reach Mars. ISRO also developed the NavIC system, a regional satellite navigation system. ISRO’s headquarters are in Bengaluru, and it operates from various centers across India.

What is Vyomitra?

Vyomitra is an AI-based humanoid developed by ISRO specifically for space missions. First introduced in 2020, Vyomitra is designed to assist astronauts by performing tasks and monitoring life-support systems. The name Vyomitra means “space friend” in Sanskrit. Equipped with motors and sensors, Vyomitra can mimic human movements and gestures. It can also conduct experiments and even simulate human emotions, making it a valuable tool for preparing for future crewed missions to the moon and Mars.