Study the following graph and answer the questions given below:
The bar graph given below shows the percentage distribution of the total expenditures of a company under various expense heads during 2003.
Percentage Distribution of Total Expenditure of a Company
1) The total amount of expenditures of the company is how many times of expenditure on research and development?
a) 27
b) 20
c) 18
d) 8
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Answer b) 20
Let the total expenditures be Rs. x.
Then, the expenditure on Research and Development (R & D)
= Rs. (5% of x)
= Rs. (5/100 x x )
= Rs. (x/20 ) .
Therefore Ratio of the total expenditure to the expenditure on R & D
= (x / (x/20))
= ( 20/1 ) .
Then, the total expenditure is 20 times the expenditure of Research and Development.
2) If the expenditure on advertisement is 2.10 crores then the difference between the expenditure on transport and taxes is?
a) Rs. 1.25 crores
b) Rs. 95 lakhs
c) Rs. 65 lakhs
d) Rs. 35 lakhs
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Answer d) Rs. 35 lakhs
Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.
Then, 15% of x = 2.10
x = ( 2.10 x 100 / 15) = 14.
Therefore Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores
and so, the difference between the expenditures on transport and taxes
= Rs. [(12.5 – 10)% of 14] crores
= Rs. [2.5% of 14] crores
= Rs. 0.35 crores
= Rs. 35 lakhs
3) What is the ratio of the total expenditure on infrastructure and transport to the total expenditure on taxes and interest on loans?
a) 5:4
b) 8:7
c) 9:7
d) 13:11
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Answer d) 13:11
Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.
Then, the total expenditure on infrastruture and transport
= Rs. [(20 + 12.5)% of x]
= Rs. [32.5% of x]
= Rs. (32.5x / 100)
and total expenditure on taxes and interest on loans
= Rs. [(10 + 17.5)% of x]
= Rs. [27.5% of x]
= Rs. (27.5x / 100)
Therefore Required ratio = ( 32.5x/100/ 27.5x/100 )
= 13 / 11.
4) If the interest on loans amounted to Rs. 2.45 crores then the total amount of expenditure on advertisement, taxes and research and development is?
a) Rs. 7 crores
b) Rs. 5.4 crores
c) Rs. 4.2 crores
d) Rs. 3 crores
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Answer c) Rs. 4.2 crores
Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.
Then, 17.5% of x = 2.45 => x = 14.
Therefore Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores.
and so, the total expenditure on advertisement, taxes and Research and Development
= Rs. [(15 + 10 + 5)% of 14] crores
= Rs. [30% of 14] crores
= Rs. 4.2 crores.
5) The expenditure on the interest on loans is by what percent more than the expenditure on transport?
a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 20%
d) 40%
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Answer d) 40%
Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.
Then, the expenditure on interest on loans = Rs. (17.5% of x) = Rs. ( 17.5 / 100 ) x
and the expenditure on transport = Rs. (12.5% of x) = Rs. (12.5 / 100 ) x
Therefore Difference between the two expenditures
= Rs.( 17.5x/100 – 12.5x /100)
= Rs. ( 5x / 100 )
and so, the required percentage = ( 5x/100 / 12.5x/100) x 100% = 40%.
6) What is Arun’s present age?
I. Five years ago, Arun’s age was double that of his son’s age at that time.
II. Present ages of Arun and his son are in the ratio of 11 : 6 respectively.
III. Five years hence, the respective ratio of Arun’s age and his son’s age will become 12 : 7.
a) Only I and II
b) Only II and III
c) Only I and III
d) Any two of the three
e) None of these
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Answer d) Any two of the three
II. Let the present ages of Arun and his son be 11x and 6x years respectively.
I. 5 years ago, Arun’s age = 2 x His son’s age.
III. 5 years hence, Arun’s Age / Son’s age = 12/7
Clearly, any two of the above will give Arun’s present age.
7) A man took loan from a bank at the rate of 12% p.a. simple interest. After 3 years he had to pay Rs. 5400 interest only for the period. The principal amount borrowed by him was:
a) Rs. 2000
b) Rs. 10,000
c) Rs. 15,000
d) Rs. 20,000
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Answer c) Rs. 15,000
Principal = Rs. [100 x 5400 / 12 x 3 ] = Rs. 15000.
8) Find out the wrong number in the given sequence of numbers.
582, 605, 588, 611, 634, 617, 600
a) 634
b) 611
c) 605
d) 600
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Answer a) 634
Alternatively 23 is added and 17 is subtracted from the terms. So, 634 is wrong.
9) Find out the wrong number in the given sequence of numbers.
36, 54, 18, 27, 9, 18.5, 4.5
a) 4.5
b) 18.5
c) 54
d) 18
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Answer b) 18.5
The terms are alternatively multiplied by 1.5 and divided by 3. However, 18.5 does not satisfy it.
10) Find out the wrong number in the given sequence of numbers.
56, 72, 90, 110, 132, 150
a) 72
b) 110
c) 132
d) 150
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Answer d) 150
The numbers are 7 x 8, 8 x 9, 9 x 10, 10 x 11, 11 x 12, 12 x 13.
So, 150 is wrong.
